BIO 265: Anatomy and Physiology II Course Syllabus

Course Description

BIO 265: Human Anatomy and Physiology II is the second of a two-semester course that prepares students for further study in the health and medical fields. You should have already completed Bio 264: Human Anatomy and Physiology I. Both of these courses have a lab that is taken separately from the lecture portion of the course. Most students must take both the lecture portion and the lab portion to fulfill prerequisite requirements. This course is the lecture course for Bio 265. It includes 10 modules. Please note that this course is NOT acceptable for biology major credit. If you are a biology Major, you should probably be in a different course.

Course Learning Outcomes

Module 1: The Cardiovascular System

Describe the general anatomy of the heart, as well as the organization of the cardiovascular system.
Describe the unique characteristics of cardiac muscle.
Compare and contrast the action potential wave form of muscle or nerve cells, SA node cells, and cardiomyocytes.
Describe how an electrical signal is carried through the heart.
Explain excitation-contraction coupling.
Explain where the waves of an EKG come from.
Be able to sketch and explain a cardiac cycle graph.
Explain how the heart is regulated both intrinsically and extrinsically.

Module 2: Blood Regulation and Blood Flow

Explain what blood, hematopoiesis, and erythrocytes are.
Explain hemoglobin, and what it does.
Explain how red blood cells are broken down.
Describe anemia, as well as some of its common causes.
Explain Hemostasis, and describe generally how the intrinsic and common pathways work for Coagulation.
Explain how we do general blood typing using the ABO and Rh systems.
Recall the structure of blood vessels. List the layers of a blood vessel and the properties of the different types of vessels.
Explain Capillary Exchange.
Discuss how blood pressure is regulated and the mechanisms that accomplish long-term regulation.

Module 3: Lymphatics and Immunity

Describe the general function, structure, and organization of the Lymphatic and immune system.
Describe the signs and symptoms associated with inflammation.
Describe the structure and function of antibodies.
Describe what a vaccine is made of and how it can protect an individual from a disease.

Lecture Exam 1

Module 4: Skin

Describe the major functions of the integumentary system.
Name the types of tissue that make up the skin; then list the major layers and functions of each type.
Describe the various factors that influence skin color.
Describe the unique characteristics of hair.
Describe the different types of glands found in the integumentary system.
Describe the different types of skin cancer.

Module 5: Bone

Describe the composition and function of hyaline cartilage. Explain how it grows.
Name the regions of bone organization in the body, as well as the chemical composition of bone.
Describe the three major bone cells, including their function.
Describe the role of osteoclasts in regulating blood calcium, and explain how this is regulated.
Explain the mechanism and purpose of bone remodeling.
Describe the two major methods of bone formation in the embryo.
Explain the steps of bone repair after a break.

Module 6: Respiratory System

Recall the function and anatomy of the Respiratory System.
Describe the alveoli and the function of the respiratory membrane.
Explain how Ventilation occurs; then discuss the main factors that influence the rate at which gasses will cross the respiratory membrane.
Explain what partial pressure means, then describe how we calculate that the partial pressure of oxygen at sea level is about 159 mmHg.
Discuss how the partial pressure gradients of O2 and CO2 keep gasses moving in the appropriate directions, as the blood moves past tissue cells and the lungs.
Explain how Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide are transported in the blood.
Explain respiratory control.

Lecture Exam 2

Module 7: Urinary System/Acid-Base

Describe the functional anatomy of the Kidney.
Describe the process of filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion.
Describe how clearance is related to kidney function.
Explain how the kidney concentrates and dilutes urine.
Explain the hormonal regulation of urine formation.
Describe the role of the nephron in acid-base balance.

Module 8: Digestive System

Describe the organization and functional anatomy of the digestive system.
Describe the tissue organization and general function of each layer of the alimentary canal.
Describe the process of digestion for carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Describe the process of absorption for carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Describe the regulation of acid and the digestive enzymes.

Lecture Exam 3

Module 9: Endocrine System

List the major endocrine organs; distinguish between endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine hormones.
Describe how hormones are classified chemically.
Describe how the hypothalamic-pituitary axis regulates hormone secretion.
Describe the process of thyroid hormone formation and release.
Describe the actions of the hormones produced by the adrenal gland.
Describe the actions of growth hormone.
Describe the actions of the pancreatic hormones.

Module 10: Reproductive System

Recall the anatomical structures reviewed in the reading.
Be sure you can explain the reproductive endocrine axis for the male.
Discuss spermatogenesis.
Discuss female oogonia in the ovary and explain folliculogenesis.
Discuss the role of the thecal cell and the granulosa cell for producing estrogen and progesterone before and after ovulation.
Describe the Ovarian and Uterine Cycles.

Comprehensive Final

Required Materials

This course does not require you to purchase a textbook.

We understand the financial burdens that a student can face and we as Anatomy and Physiology (A&P) teachers want to do our part to help out. Therefore, we have created a compilation of our own readings, videos, web links, tutorials and other such digital media to help you through this course. The readings and associated material are designed so that a student who is adequately prepared can expect to spend 9 hours a week and be very successful in the course. However, we need our students to realize and understand that the materials in this course are not perfect (although they are always getting better) and that some students may be coming into the course less prepared than others (for example: some students may be returning to school after many years of not attending school and other students may be coming in with very little experience in biology). We expect that for students who feel under prepared, the learning experience may be MUCH more complete if the student acquires a supplementary textbook or at least develops very good research skills outside of the materials we provide. As with any college level course, students should EXPECT to research beyond the materials in this class to help themselves more fully understand concepts. If you decide that you would like a textbook to help understand concepts, then it does not matter which textbook it is as long as it is a two semester A&P course textbook. Even the edition of the textbook that you get does not matter very much in most cases. For this reason, students can often find a very good reference textbook online for quite cheap. Below are some textbooks that students have purchased in the past that have been helpful.

Anatomy and Physiology by Seeley, Stephens and Tate; Any edition but newer is better
Seeley's Anatomy & Physiology by Vanputte Regan and Russo; Any edition
Human Anatomy & Physiology by Elaine N. Marieb and Katja Hoehn; Any edition but newer is better
Other textbooks are fine as well, just look for an Anatomy and Physiology textbook that is used for a two semester general A&P course.
You may even consider a free online textbook. One of the best is called "OpenStax". Here is a link to that resource. https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology

Students who choose NOT to purchase or use an additional textbook but feel to expound their knowledge, learn quickly to research on the internet and those students who were willing to spend the time and effort to do good internet research learn the material very well.

As we improve the materials we create for this class, we welcome input. At the bottom of each study guide, you will see an icon that represents a "Suggestion Box". If you want to make a suggestion that would improve the course, please use this icon. Please avoid the temptation to complain about things that are not likely to change (i.e. the difficulty of the course or the exams, the amount of material to learn, and stuff like that). We know the course is difficult. It has been a difficult course for many decades and is necessarily so, as this course must teach the foundation science for every health care profession that we are aware of.

Computer with Internet Access

It is your responsibility to arrange use of a computer with internet access. (The higher speed you have for your internet access, the easier the course will be for you to complete.)

** Online Only Students** Microphone and Earphones

You are required to have a microphone for your computer and a set of earphones that will work with your computer and the online meeting tool (Adobe Connect).

Grading

Exams

three proctored lecture exams (each worth 100 points)
one proctored comprehensive final (200 points)

Notes from Readings

Notes from Readings are worth 10 points. Each module contains vital readings housed within the Study Guide. In order to perform well within this course and subsequent Biology courses, it is critical that you complete the readings for each module. Your notes will need to be in your own words and represent what you are learning as based on the course readings. By taking notes, you will be better prepared to take the practice quizzes, to engage within the module's Collaboration Board, and to take your exams. (10 points total)

Collaboration Board

The Collaboration Board is an ungraded activity, but is critical for your success. The Collaboration Board has two purposes:

To allow the instructor and students to share helpful hints/videos/websites
To allow the students a platform to discuss challenging practice questions

It is recommended that you participate frequently by asking questions, answering questions, or sharing study tools you have found helpful. Consider this as an opportunity to improve your understanding and to deepen your thinking as you learn from one another in preparation for the exams you will take.

Practice Quizzes

During the semester you complete 35 practice quizzes. You have unlimited attempts, and your highest attempt is recorded. We encourage you to really understand the question (not just what the right answer is). Ask yourself why the right answer is right and why each of the wrong answers are wrong. Use the questions to help you understand material, this will help you more thoroughly prepare for the exams. The exams do NOT use the same questions but test you on the same concepts.

Instructor/Student Conference

Within the first few modules of the course, you will be asked to meet with your instructor to discuss your progress. Your instructor will inform the class when they are ready to set up online appointments. Make sure to come prepared to this meeting so that your instructor can address any of your questions or concerns.

Total Points

There are 585 points possible. The course grade will be determined by:

Three proctored lecture exams (300 points)
One proctored comprehensive final (200 points)
Notes from readings (10 points)
Quizzes (75 points)

You are responsible for your learning, so be engaged and be involved in completing all the preparatory work so that you will perform well on exams.

Academic Dishonesty

There are other forms of academic dishonesty besides cheating and plagiarism. Please read through the examples listed. This is not an all inclusive list but is a sample of what is still considered dishonest, including sharing course quiz questions with online quiz and testing sites.

From the Student Honor Office

Inadvertent plagiarism involves the inappropriate, but non-deliberate, use of another’s words, ideas, or data without proper attribution. Although not a violation of the Honor Code, it is a form of academic misconduct for which an instructor can impose appropriate academic sanctions.

Continuing work on an examination or assignment after the allocated time has elapsed.
Submitting the same work for more than one class without disclosure and approval.
Getting equal credit on group assignments when equal work was not done.
Using unauthorized materials during an examination or while completing an assignment.
Collaborating on an examination or assignment without authorization.
Obtaining or providing to another a test or answers to a test that has not been administered.

Proctored Exams

**This course includes four proctored exams.**

Online students are required to take BIO 265 exams in I-learn using a built-in proctoring service called Proctorio. Students will not need to find their own proctor.

In Module 1, you will download the required plug-in to take the proctored exams.

Please post exam or proctoring questions on the Questions and Conversations discussion board.

Grading Scale

Percent
(A) 93% - 100%	(A-) 90%-92%
(B+) 87%-89%	(B) 83%-86%
(B-) 80%-82%	(C+) 77%-79%
(C) 73%-76%	(C-) 70%-72%
(D+) 67%-69%	(D) 63%-66%
(D-) 60%-62%	(F) Less than 60%

Course Policies

You should read the following course policies and make sure that you understand what these policies mean to you regarding your interactions with the instructor and other students in this course. If you have questions about any of these policies, you should contact your instructor immediately. Course Assignments On average, it takes approximately 9-12 hours to complete all the learning activities for each module. This is the amount of time that you should expect to put into this class each week if you want to get a passing (C) grade. If you want a higher grade, you may need to put in more study time. In order to keep up with the assignments and learn the most from this class, you should make sure you schedule regular time each day to study for this class. With this course, there is no "time off" for holidays that might occur during the week. Consequently, you should make sure to arrange your study schedule so that any holiday activities do not keep you from completing learning activities.

Late Policy

Students should not ask instructors to extend deadlines or allow makeups. However, it is understood that emergencies happen. It is the responsibility of the student to notify the instructor of such emergencies. If the student fails to notify the instructor of an emergency a late test will be rewarded but docked one letter grade.

Personal Honor

In this class, our interactions with each other should be guided at all times by the following principles of personal honor:

Principles of Personal Honor -- "True at all Times"

Personal honor is integrity in fulfilling commitments, responsibilities, and covenants.
Personal honor begins with willing obedience and is fully developed when we consistently govern ourselves by true principles.
Personal honor increases spiritual strength through the ministry of the Holy Ghost.
Personal honor is central to every aspect of our lives, including the BYUIdaho experience.
Personal honor brings us joy and happiness; deepens our desire to love, serve, and lift others; and ultimately helps us to become more like the Savior.

You should make sure that you understand the above principles of personal honor. It is important for all class members to strive to follow the above principles in our associations with one another.

If you have any questions about how Personal Honor is related to academic honesty or the university's Dress and Grooming Standards, you may visit the University Standards web page (http://www.byui.edu/StudentHonor/UniversityStandards.htm) to get more information.

Students with Disabilities

BYU-Idaho is committed to providing a working and learning atmosphere which reasonably accommodates qualified persons with disabilities. If you have any disability which may impair your ability to complete this course successfully, please contact the Services for Students with Disabilities Office by phone at 208-496-9210 or via email at disabilityservices@byui.edu. Reasonable academic accommodations are reviewed for all students who have qualified documented disabilities. Services are coordinated with the student and instructor by this office. If you need assistance or feel you have been unlawfully discriminated against on the basis of disability, you may seek resolution through established policy and procedures. Contact the Human Resources Office at 208-496-1700 or via email at humanresources@byui.edu.

We have made every attempt to make this course accessible as possible. This course contains a large amount of images, videos, and interactive assignments. Exams have images that won't have alternative text because the purpose is for students to identify the image on their own. If you have any disability which may impair your ability to complete this course, please contact the Disabilities Services (208-496-9210).

Sexual Harassment

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 prohibits sex discrimination against any participant in an educational program which receives federal funds, including federal loans and grants. Title IX also covers student-to-student sexual harassment. If you encounter unlawful sexual harassment or gender-based discrimination, please contact the Human Resources Office at 208-496-1700 or via email at humanresources@byui.edu