Course Description

This is the laboratory accompaniment of the second part of a two-semester course studying the anatomy and physiology of the human body. The course is designed for students of nursing and the allied health professions. Students wishing to apply to the nursing program must complete both the lecture and lab components. This course is not acceptable for biology major credit. (These students should take BIO 460 and 461 instead of 264 and 265.)

Course Outcomes

1. Students will demonstrate the ability to locate and name selected anatomical structures and organs of the body, including: Cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.
2. Students will demonstrate a basic understanding of the physiological processes that function to maintain health and wellness in each of these body systems.
3. Students will practice interrelating body system structures and functions to discover how the big picture of human life is a sum of many parts.
4. Students will examine selected clinical conditions to become familiar with the processes of higher order thinking including application, evaluation, synthesis, and prediction.

Course Outline & Objectives

Week 01: Introduction

• Prepare for success in the course by becoming familiar with the class activities, rhythms, and requirements.

Week 02: Cardiovascular Anatomy

• Identify and understand key terminology relating to the anatomy of the heart.
• Identify and understand key terminology relating to the anatomy of the circulatory vessels (arteries and veins).

Week 03: EKG, Pulses, and Blood Pressure

• Explain each normal EKG wave and what it means.
• Describe Einthoven's triangle and how to set one up.
• Describe what the PR interval, QRS interval, QT interval, and ST segment is and what kinds of things might cause them to change.
• Explain what the electrical axis of the heart is.
• Find an electrical axis from an EKG tracing.
• Recognize some basic abnormal EKG tracings.
• Describe what a pulse is, and take a pulse at several given arteries.
• Explain what systolic and diastolic pressures are and how to measure them with a sphygmomanometer and a stethoscope.
• Explain the heart sounds S1, S2, S3, and S4.

Week 04: Blood Lab

• Identify the different types of white blood cells, and explain their major functions.
• Explain how blood typing works. Identify acceptable and unacceptable blood transfusions with ABO and Rh blood grouping.
• Explain a hematocrit and what kinds of things in physiology can change it.
• Describe what a lipid profile is, and discuss what the values mean for LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL.

Week 05: Review & Exam 02

• Covers content from Weeks 02, 03, and 04. 

Week 06: Respiratory System and Lung Volumes

• Measure and explain standard lung volumes.
• Describe obstructive and restrictive lung pathology.
• Discuss an FEV1, and measure an FEV1.
• Explain what an FEV1/FVC ratio is and how restrictive and obstructive lung pathology changes these.
• Describe negative and positive pressure ventilation and how humans may use these principles when breathing.

Week 07: Respiratory and Digestive System Anatomy

• Identify and understand key terminology relating to the anatomy of the respiratory system.
• Identify and understand key terminology relating to the anatomy of the digestive system.

Week 08: Autonomic Nervous System Case Study

• Use a case study approach to research and understand the autonomic nervous system neurotransmitters and receptors.
• Use a case study approach to research and understand signs and symptoms of organophosphate poisoning and pheochromocytoma.

Week 09: Review & Exam 02

• Covers content from Weeks 06, 07, and 08. 

Week 10: Urinalysis

• Describe what a urinalysis reagent test strip is, and use some provided results to solve a medical issue.
• Discuss what glomerular filtration rate is and how it is derived.
• Discuss how plasma clearance of creatinine can be used to estimate GFR. Then, describe how a plasma clearance value can give us an idea of secretion and reabsorption.
• Explain what respiratory acidosis and alkalosis are. Explain what metabolic acidosis and alkalosis are.
• Use an acid–base nomogram to solve for types of acidosis and alkalosis.

Week 11: Metabolism Lab

• Define metabolism.
• Explain the difference between basal metabolic rate and resting metabolic rate.
• Measure resting metabolic rate.
• Define VO2 max, then convert volume of oxygen used to calories expended.
• Measure an exercise metabolism.
• Research and discuss diet and exercise as weight loss activities.

Week 12: Endocrine Case Study

• Use a case study approach to research and diagnose some endocrine disorders.
• Use a case study approach to research and understand negative feedback loops that regulate hormones in the case study.

Week 13: Urinary and Reproductive System Anatomy

• Identify and understand key terminology relating to the anatomy of the urinary system.
• Identify and understand key terminology relating to the anatomy of the reproductive system.

Week 14: Review & Exam 03

• Covers content from Weeks 10, 11, 12, and 13.

Required Materials

Textbook

This course does NOT require you to purchase a textbook. This course will supply all of the reading and online study materials that you need to pass the course. Although there is no required textbook, students often report they invest significant funds in printing the lab manual files so that they can be stored in a binder. While students are not required to do this, it is recommended that the lab manual be printed and referred to often.

Access to a Computer with Internet

It is your responsibility to arrange use of a computer with internet access. (The higher speed you have for your internet access, the easier the course will be for you to complete.)

Access to Web Camera, Microphone & Headphones

Exams must be taken on a computer with a webcam and microphone. (See the Exams section below.) To improve the experience when attending meetings with your instructor or tutor, you need a web camera, microphone, and headphones to reduce audio feedback. 

Course Activities

The course consists of anatomy weeks, physiology weeks, and exam weeks, as shown below. (Note that Week 01: Introduction is an exception to this. It only contains introductory activities.) 

• Anatomy weeks: Week 02, Week 07, and Week 13
• Physiology weeks: Week 03, Week 04, Week 06, Week 08, Week 10, Week 11, and Week 12
• Exam weeks: Weeks 05, Week 09, and Week 14

The BIO 265L design is significantly different from BIO 264L where there are no physiology weeks. Notice that the majority of the weeks in BIO 265L are physiology weeks. The physiology weeks have very different activities from anatomy weeks, as described below. 

Anatomy Weeks

Study Pages

Study pages direct you to lab manual readings and learning activities in the “Atlas,” an online resource that was specifically developed for this course. Most of the Atlas activities do not work on Internet Explorer. Please use Chrome as your browser. These activities are not graded, but are crucial to your success in the course. 

Teach One Another Discussions

The Teach One Another Discussions serve as a forum to receive help with the content. It's also a place to serve others and to think deeper about the material as you respond to others' questions.

Practice

Practice pages provide multiple choice questions for you to respond to that help you gauge your level of understanding. These are graded activities worth 20 points each week (except exam weeks) for a total of 60 points. You are allowed unlimited attempts and your highest score is recorded. You are strongly encouraged to repeat these activities multiple times. The questions are randomly selected from a bank, so each attempt is unique. For long-term retention, it is particularly effective to repeat the activities on different days. As you complete these activities, it is best to simulate the conditions you experience during quizzes and exams.

Quizzes

Each anatomy week has one quiz with 25 fill-in-the blank questions and is worth 25 points (total of 75 points). You are allowed one attempt and there is a time limit of 30 minutes. Quizzes are to be taken without the use of outside resources. Your quiz submissions are immediately auto-graded and your instructor reviews your answers within a week. Your instructor may accept some answers that I-Learn marked wrong. Please wait one week after the due date to contact your instructor if you have any questions concerning the scoring.

Practice Exams 

There is a practice exam provided each week an exam is administered. This practice exam is not graded in the grade book, but a score will be provided to let you know how well you did. These practice exams are designed to pull 10 random questions about each topic that is covered on the exam. You are encouraged to take the practice exam multiple times in preparation for your exam later in the week.

Physiology Weeks

Worksheets

Each physiology week has one worksheet assignment. Worksheets direct you to read material, watch videos, and/or conduct online research. Then, you respond to short-answer questions and essay questions. Each worksheet is worth 25 points (total of 175 points). 

It is highly recommended that you use the entire week to work on the Worksheets. These assignments are lengthy, so putting the worksheet off until the end of the week will add to your stress. You will be expected to download the worksheet and fill it out using a word processor. 

All responses must be in your own words. Do not copy an answer from an online source—unless it is cited—and only use a quote for a portion of your explanation. In addition, while group work is encouraged, do not use the same wording for your answer as your partner(s). Failure to follow these guidelines is considered academic dishonesty. Your instructor or TA grades your responses. Citations from "study" websites such as Course Hero, Quizlet, Chegg, Study Blue, etc, DO NOT count as proper citations and will be considered as academically dishonest.

Teach One Another Discussions

The Teach One Another discussions in physiology weeks serve the same purpose as those in anatomy weeks—they provide a way for you to receive help with the content. 

Exams Weeks

Teach One Another: Review Activities and Discussion

In exam weeks, the Teach One Another discussions continue to be a place where you can receive help, but they also include a review activity. In Weeks 05 and 09, the review activity is a required assignment. Each of these assignments is worth 5 points (total of 10 points). In Week 14, the review activity is optional, and you earn extra credit if you choose to participate. 

Exams

Three proctored exams are administered in the course. Each exam is worth 150 points. As shown in the course outline near the top of this page, each exam covers material from three or four weeks of the course. Each exam has 25 multiple choice physiology questions and 25 fill-in-the-blank anatomy questions. You are allowed one attempt, and there is a time limit of two and a half hours. Exams must be taken without the use of outside resources. Your exam submissions are immediately auto-graded, and your instructor reviews your answers within a week. Your instructor may accept some answers that I-Learn marked wrong. Please wait one week after the due date to contact your instructor if you have any questions concerning the scoring.

The exams are remotely proctored using a service called Proctorio that integrates with I-Learn. You do not need to find your own proctor. Proctorio requires a webcam, microphone, and software plug-in. You also must use Chrome as your browser. Week 04 (one week before your first exam), you will download the required Proctorio plug-in.

Please contact your instructor with any questions or concerns about exams.

Extra Credit

An extra credit activity is offered in Week 14. Your instructor will also offer other extra credit opportunities and will post information related to them. 

Grades

Point Structure

There are 773 points possible in this course. The course grade will be determined as follows:

• SOMSO Agreement quiz (1 point)
• Syllabus quiz (1 point) 
• Practice Proctored Exam (1 point) 
• Practice activities (3 x 20 points = 60 points)
• Quizzes (3 x 25 points = 75 points)
• Worksheets (7 x 25 points = 175 points)
• Teach One Another review assignments (2 x 5 points = 10 points)
• Proctored exams (3 x 150 points = 450 points)

You are responsible for your learning, so be engaged and be involved in completing all the preparatory work so that you will perform well on the exams.

Grading Scale

Letter Grade	Percentage Range
A	93%–100%
A-	90%–92.9%
B+	87%–89.9%
B	83%–86.9%
B-	80%–82.9%
C+	77%–79.9%
C	73%–76.9%
C-	70%–72.9%
D+	67%–69.9%
D	63%–66.9%
D-	60%–62.9%
F	Less than 60%

Course Policies

You should read the following course policies and make sure that you understand what these policies mean to you regarding your interactions with the instructor and other students in this course. If you have questions about any of these policies, you should contact your instructor immediately.

Time Requirement

Since BIO 265L is a one-credit course, at the minimum, you should spend 2–3 hours a week to complete all the learning activities. However, please be advised that 2–3 hours a week may not be enough for you to successfully learn everything that you need to know. So, depending on your familiarity with the material, be aware that you may need to spend more dedicated time each week to study and practice the material. It is common for students to spend upwards of 6–10 hours in order to receive an A or B. The fact that this anatomy and physiology lab course is one credit and may require 6–10 hours to earn a high grade is in line with other universities across the United States. One way to look at this is that you get a great value for your money—you receive a lot of information, yet only pay for one credit. 

In order to keep up with the assignments and learn the most from this class, you should make sure you schedule regular time each day to study for this class. With this course, there is no “time off” for holidays that might occur during the week. Consequently, you should make sure to arrange your study schedule so that any holiday activities do not keep you from completing learning activities.

Late Policy

Students should not ask instructors to extend deadlines or allow makeups. However, it is understood that emergencies happen. It is the responsibility of the student to notify the instructor of such emergencies. 

Personal Honor

In this class, our interactions with each other should be guided at all times by the following principles of personal honor:

Principles of Personal Honor—"True at all Times"

• Personal honor is integrity in fulfilling commitments, responsibilities, and covenants.
• Personal honor begins with willing obedience and is fully developed when we consistently govern ourselves by true principles.
• Personal honor increases spiritual strength through the ministry of the Holy Ghost.
• Personal honor is central to every aspect of our lives, including the BYU-Idaho experience.
• Personal honor brings us joy and happiness; deepens our desire to love, serve, and lift others; and ultimately helps us to become more like the Savior.

You should make sure that you understand the above principles of personal honor. It is important for all class members to strive to follow the above principles in our associations with one another.

If you have any questions about how personal honor is related to academic honesty or the university's Dress and Grooming Standards, you may visit the university standards CES Honor Code page to get more information.

University Policies

Students with Disabilities

Brigham Young University-Idaho is committed to providing a working and learning atmosphere that accommodates qualified persons with disabilities. If you have a disability and require accommodations, please contact the Disability Services Office at (208) 496-9210 or visit their website and follow the Steps for Receiving Accommodations. Reasonable academic accommodations are reviewed for all students who have qualified documented disabilities. Services are coordinated with students and instructors by the Disability Services Office.

This course may require synchronous meetings. If you are currently registered with the Disability Services Office and need an interpreter or transcriber for these meetings, please contact the deaf and hard of hearing coordinator at (208) 496-9219.

This course uses complex human anatomy and physiology images that students are required to visually identify, so detailed alt text cannot be provided. If you have a disability that prevents you from accessing these images, please contact Disability Services (208-496-9210).

Other University Policies

Student Honor and Other Policies

Please read through the document called University Policies. It gives important information about the following topics:

• Student Honor
  • Academic Honesty
  • Student Conduct
    • Sexual Harassment
• Student with Disabilities
• Complaints and Grievances
• Copyright Notice

Go to the Student Resources module to review further resources and information.